Macros: Definition and Examples

Definition

A macro is a sequence of instructions or actions recorded in software like MS Word, Excel, or LibreOffice to automate repetitive tasks. Once recorded, a macro can be run to execute the same steps automatically.

Key Concepts

  • Purpose of Macros: Automates repetitive tasks, saves time, and reduces errors.
  • Components of Macros:
    • Sub Procedures: Perform tasks and do not return values.
    • Functions: Perform calculations or tasks and return a value.
  • Enabling Macros: Ensure the macro settings are enabled in the software to allow running and editing macros.

Basic Macro Program Examples

1. Sub Procedure Example: Simple Addition


Sub AddNumbers()
    Dim num1 As Integer, num2 As Integer, result As Integer
    num1 = 10
    num2 = 20
    result = num1 + num2
    MsgBox "The result of addition is: " & result
End Sub

2. Function Example: Calculate Square of a Number


Function CalculateSquare(ByVal num As Integer) As Integer
    CalculateSquare = num * num
End Function

Sub ShowSquare()
    Dim number As Integer
    number = 5
    MsgBox "The square of " & number & " is: " & CalculateSquare(number)
End Sub

3. Macro to Format Text in MS Word


Sub FormatText()
    Selection.Font.Bold = True
    Selection.Font.Size = 14
    MsgBox "Text formatting applied successfully!"
End Sub

Advantages of Macros

  • Automates repetitive tasks.
  • Increases productivity and efficiency.
  • Reduces the risk of human error in tasks.

Key Notes for Exams

  • Understand the difference between Sub and Function procedures.
  • Know how to record and run macros in MS Word, Excel, or LibreOffice.
  • Practice simple macro programs to familiarize yourself with syntax and logic.